The variety of English in the United states

What is American English?
According to Englishclub.com:

English is a language which originated in England and is spoken in Britain and other countries. Some countries speak what is called a variety of English, using slightly different vocabulary, pronunciation and, sometimes, grammar. 
In the USA, people speak a variety of English called American English or, more accurately, US English. The differences are mainly in spelling (colour/color), vocabulary (lift/elevator) and accent. 

The existence of an "American English" started by a school principle called Noah Webster's when he published A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language, published in 1806. This book included the English words that are in daily usage and is distinguishable from the British English as well.

The American English also has a variety of accents and dialects that revolve around the landscape. These dialects are divided into:

The Southern Dialect: The South falls into two regions that have influenced the patterns of language in the land, The Upper South, and The Lower South. The Upper South includes most of the Piedmont area from Virginia to Georgia, the Ozark Mountains of Northwest Arkansas, Southern Missouri, and Western Oklahoma. The Lower South includes the Tidewater and Coastal plains of Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, the Gulf Plains of Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Eastern Texas, and the Lowland areas of Arkansas and Western Tennessee.

The North and Northeast: The primary boundary between the North and South begins somewhere in Central Delaware, extends westward near the old Mason-Dixon Line and continues approximately along the Ohio River. There are five original coastal centers from which most American dialects developed: Boston, Philadelphia, Tidewater Virginia, Charleston and New Orleans. By the end of the nineteenth century there were almost no foreign born residents in the South, but the Northern dialects were further enriched by other cultures which shaped their dialects.

The West: It's barely a hundred years old, and that's one third of the age of the Atlantic States. The West didn't come around as a recognizable region, when compared to what is called the "Midwest", until the 1870's. They say American English, as a whole, is a youth compared to European national languages. If that's so, then western speech is still an infant. And like an infant, its personality and features are not yet well formed.

The Transitional zones are masses of land between two different dialect regions above. The traits of the transitional zones are a mix of the bordering regions characteristics. They generally have no distinct qualities that are not found in the regions they border.

You can watch this video and try to notice some differences in speaking:

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References:
http://www.merriam-webster.com/info/webster-reform.htm
http://www.englishclub.com/esl-forums/viewtopic.php?f=208&t=27297
https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/downing/www/course/350-192/region.html
http://www.evolpub.com/Americandialects/AmDialMap.html